OHIO, OH (17)

Between 1778 and 1783,
44 177 French soldiers and sailors fought aside the “American Insurgents”,
5 040 gave their lives for their independence.

Between 1776 and 1783, France spent 1.3 billion French pounds. A huge debt for the time that drained the Treasure of the Kingdom.

Road markers, places, objects…

13_colonies Am revol

The 13 English colonies

LAFAYETTE INVOLVEMENT DURING THE AMERICAN REVOLUTIONARY WAR
He enlisted as a volunteer without pay alongside the « Insurgents » of the 13 English colonies in America who declared independence unilaterally July 4, 1776

Lafayette as a Major General in the continental army

Marquis de Lafayette as a Major General of Continental Army in 1779.
Portrait by Charles Willson Peale

* Lafayette: First military campaign: from June 1777 to January 1779

* Lafayette: Back in France to plead the cause of the “Insurgents”: from February 1779 to March 1780

* Lafayette: Second military campaign: from April 1780 to December 1781

FRANCE INVOLVEMENT DURING THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION

Louis XVI – King of France and Navarre

1768-1777 – France secretly helps the American Insurgents

1768: Baron de Kalb a Bavarian-born French military, traveled to America on a covert mission (to determine the level of discontent among colonists) on behalf of France.
1775-1776-1777: France secretly sent military supplies. During these three years, France had been sent secretly to the American rebels over five million French pounds “livres Tournoises” of aid.

1778-1782 – France officially and fully aids the American Insurgents

1778 (February) – Franco American Treaty
(Later Spain (in 1779) and Dutch (in 1780) became allies of France)

*1778-1779 – 1st “French Expedition” under Comte d’Estaing
*1780-1781-1782- 2nd “French Expedition” under Comte de Rochambeau
*1781- The French Navy under Comte de Grasse joins the Franco-American ground Forces in Yorktown, VA

(No involvement. The State did not exist in 1765-1783)

Go to the 13 states involved: Connecticut, Delaware, Georgia, Maryland, Massachusetts (South and North), New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Virginia.

TOPIC VI (T6) – LAFAYETTE VISIT (August 4 to December 22, 1784)

Road markers, places, objects…

united_states_1783_1803

The United States 1783-1803

(No visit. The State did not exist in 1784)

In 1784, Lafayette visited all the 13 States of America except Georgia, where he enjoyed an enthusiastic welcome.

Go to the States visited: Connecticut, Delaware, Maryland, Massachusetts (South and North today Maine), New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Virginia).

TOPIC V (T5) – LAFAYETTE’S FAREWELL TOUR (1824-1825)

Road markers, places, objects…

usa-map-1825

The United States in 1825

The 24 states visited : Alabama, Connecticut, Delaware, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine (ex-Massachusetts / North part), Maryland, Massachusetts, Mississippi, Missouri, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Vermont, Virginia. Plus Washington D.C.

General Lafayette in 1825 by Matthew Harris Jouett

Detailed Timeline

Arriving from Chattahoochee County now in GA
March 31, 1825 – Crosses the Chattahoochee River into Alabama and stays in Fort Mitchell. Route west to Montgomery via military escort through Creek territory.

April 1825
•   April 3 – Montgomery/Alabama
•   April 4–6 – boards two boats, the Balize, and the Henderson, over the Alabama River (Selma, Cahaba, meet the French Vine and Olive refugee colony (now Demopolis). A brief stop in Claiborne.
•   April 7 – Mobile/Alabama
•   April 8 – boards steamboat down Mobile Bay to Mobile Point/Alabama and the original steamer Natchez (built in 1823) to New Orleans/Louisiana
•   April 11 – Chalmette/Louisiana. New Orleans lodges in the Cabildo
•   April 15 – On the steamer Natchez up the Mississippi River towards Baton Rouge/Louisiana
•   April 16 – Brief stop Duncan’s Point, and Baton Rouge for a reception.
•   April 18 – Natchez/Mississippi.
•   April 28 – Carondelet/Missouri.
•   April 29 – Louis/Missouri.
•   April 30 – Kaskaskia, Illinois, (once the French capital of Upper Louisiana).
May 1825
•   May 4 – Nashville/Tennessee.

•   May 8–9 – The steamboat Mechanic, conveying Lafayette to Louisville/Kentucky, sinks on Ohio. All passengers reach shore safely, but Lafayette loses property and money. The party is picked up the following day by the passing steamboat Paragon.
•   May 11 –From Louisville/Kentucky, Lafayette crosses the Ohio River to spend a day in Jeffersonville/ Indiana. He returns to Louisville that evening.
•   May 12–13 – Lafayette stays in Louisville/Kentucky
•   May 14 – Attends dinner and a ball in Frankfort/Kentucky.
•   May 15 – Spent the night at the home of Major John Keene, five miles from Lexington/Kentucky.
•   May 16–17 –Attends a military parade and speaks at Transylvania University and the Lexington Female Academy in Lexington /Kentucky
•   May 18 –Arrives at Georgetown/Kentucky.
•   May 19–20 – Cincinnati/Ohio.

Cincinnati, OH

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati

Speeches were given, flowers were strewn in his path by school children, fireworks exploded (including one that spelled out Lafayette’s name and changed thirteen stars representing the original states into twenty-four), gala balls were thrown in rooms overflowing with patriotic ornamentation, and an impressive array of thousands of military men, many of them fellow veterans of the War of Independence, marched in parades to honor General Lafayette.

http://web.ulib.csuohio.edu/lafayette/engelking.shtml

• May 21 –Maysville/Kentucky. Heading to Gallipolis/Ohio

• May 22 – Gallipolis/Ohio. Visits the historic Our House Tavern

Gallipolis, OH

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallipolis,_Ohio

our_house Taver Gallipolis OH