The state joined the union on February 6, 1788 – State No 06 (South and North)/13
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massachusetts
Capital: Boston, MA
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boston
Proclamation on May 20, in 1935 declaring that day and in each succeeding year to be “Massachusetts Lafayette Day”. May 20, 1834, was the date of Lafayette’s death.
(only 3 US States have a « Lafayette Day » – Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Virginia)
TOPIC I (T1) – OUTDOOR SCULPTURES IN MASSACHUSETTS
Statues, Busts, Monuments, Memorials… Historic Parks and Places…
Boston, MA
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boston
Marquis de La Fayette Memorial,
The bronze plaque both commemorates the 100 anniversary of the Lafayette’s visit (1824) and names the mall where it stands “The Lafayette Mall.” The plaque was dedicated in 1924 in Parkman Plaza, part of the Boston Common (Tremont Street, near Park Street). Plaque and Bas-Relief by John Francis Paramino.
Fall River, MA
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fall_River,_Massachusetts
Equestrian statue of Lafayette
A plaque on the front of the statue reminds us that Lafayette and his men passed through Fall River in 1778 on their way to Newport. Plaques on the County Street and park side of the statue note that the statue was given by the people of Fall River who were of French descent. One plaque is in English, the other is in French. Date of dedication: September 2, 1916. by Ettore and Arnaldo Zucchi in Lafayette Park – 475 County Street #533 Fall River.
Haverhill, MA
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haverhill,_Massachusetts
Marquis de Lafayette
The sculpture is mounted on top of a base constructed of stone blocks. A plaque is attached to each side of the base. By Arnaldo Torcchi. Dedicated Sept. 17, 1932. In 2004, the interior and exterior of the statue were removed, restored, and returned to Lafayette Square Corner of Winter & Essex Streets.
TOPIC II (T2) – MANY PLACES…
Town, city, village, county, township …may refer or are named for
General Gilbert du Motier, marquis de La Fayette or La Grange “Home” of Lafayette.
(No places in Massachusetts named for Lafayette found)
TOPIC III (T3) STREETS, ROADS, SQUARES…
Parks, places, sites …
Boston, MA – State Capital
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boston
Avenue de Lafayette
Amesbury, MA
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amesbury,_Massachusetts
-Lafayette St. Ext.
Bourne, MA
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bourne,_Massachusetts
– Lafayette Ave
Cambridge, MA
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cambridge,_Massachusetts
Lafayette Square
Caritas Communities, MA
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boston
– Lafayette St.
Chelsea, MA
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chelsea,_Massachusetts
– Lafayette Ave
Chicopee, MA
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicopee,_Massachusetts
– Lafayette St.
Danvers, MA
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danvers,_Massachusetts
– Lafayette Ave
Devens, MA
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Devens,_Massachusetts
– Lafayette Rd
Fairhaven, MA
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fairhaven,_Massachusetts
– Lafayette St.
Hingham, MA
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hingham,_Massachusetts
– Lafayette Ave
Ipswich, MA
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ipswich,_Massachusetts
– Lafayette Rd
Lawrence, MA
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lawrence,_Massachusetts
– Lafayette St.
– Lafayette Ave
Lowell, MA
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lowell,_Massachusetts
-Lafayette St.
Marblehead, MA
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marblehead,_Massachusetts
– Lafayette St. (Street, leading to Salem)
New Bedford, MA
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Bedford,_Massachusetts
– Lafayette St.
Newburyport, MA
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newburyport,_Massachusetts
– Lafayette St.
Newton, MA
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton,_Massachusetts
– Lafayette Rd
Plymouth, MA
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plymouth,_Massachusetts
– Lafayette Rd
Reading, MA
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reading,_Massachusetts
– Lafayette Rd
Salem, MA
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salem,_Massachusetts
– Lafayette St.
Salisbury, MA
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salisbury,_Massachusetts
– Lafayette Rd
Swansea, MA
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swansea,_Massachusetts
– Lafayette St.
Wakefield, MA
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wakefield,_Massachusetts
– Lafayette St.
Worcester, MA
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Worcester,_Massachusetts
– Lafayette St.
TOPIC IV (T) – INDOOR OBJECTS, MUSEUMS …
Pictures, busts, Exhibitions …
Boston, MA
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boston
A marble bust of LaFayette is located in the Senate Chamber of the Massachusetts State House 24 Beacon Street, Boston, MA.
TOPIC V (T5) – LAFAYETTE AND FRANCE
THROUGHOUT THE COURSE OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION
They played a key role in the American Revolution (1765-1783)
and during the American Revolutionary War (1775–1783)
Between 1778 and 1783,
44 177 French soldiers and sailors fought aside the “American Insurgents”,
5 040 gave their lives for their independence.
Between 1776 and 1783, France spent 1.3 billion French pounds. A huge debt for the time that drained the Treasure of the Kingdom.
Road markers, places, objects…
The 13 English colonies
The 13 states involved: Connecticut, Delaware, Georgia, Maryland, Massachusetts (South and North), New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Virginia.
LAFAYETTE INVOLVEMENT DURING THE AMERICAN REVOLUTIONARY WAR
He enlisted as a volunteer without pay alongside the « Insurgents » of the 13 English colonies in America who declared independence unilaterally July 4, 1776
Marquis de Lafayette as a Major General of Continental Army in 1779.
Portrait by Charles Willson Peale*Lafayette: First military campaign: from June 1777 to January 1779
Fall River, MA 1778
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fall_River,_Massachusetts
Lafayette-Durfee House
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lafayette%E2%80%93Durfee_House
The Durfees would host Lafayette at their home in the summer of 1778, as well on other occasions. Colonel Joseph Durfee, the son of Judge Thomas Durfee served with the Marquis de Lafayette at the Battle of White Plains, NY and also in Rhode Island.
The Lafayette-Durfee House (built before1750) is a historic house located at 94 Cherry Street in Fall River, Massachusetts. The house was originally located at the site of the current Fall River Superior Courthouse on North Main Street.
*Lafayette: Back in France to plead the cause of the “Insurgents”: from February 1779 to March 1780
*Lafayette: Second military campaign: from April 1780 to December 1781
Marblehead, MA
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marblehead,_Massachusetts
(Lafayette came 3 times at Marblehead in 1780, 1784, 1824 – See also Topic 6 and 7)
Marblehead Port c.1780
The frigate L’Hermione carried le Marquis de La Fayette from France to Marblehead and Boston in 1780
… “Finally, the American coast came into view on Thursday, April 27, and by 2:00 in the afternoon l’Hermione found shelter in the small port of Marblehead, sixteen miles from Boston. La Touche noted that “Brigadier General Glover came on board to see Monsieur the Marquis de La Fayette.”
(https://allthingsliberty.com/2015/04/lafayettes-second-voyage-to-america-lafayette-and-lhermione)
General La Fayette embarked on L’Hermione at Port-des-barques near Rochefort, France
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port-des-Barques
on March 11, 1780, and arrived in Marblehead near Boston on April 28 carrying the secret news that he had secured French reinforcements (« Expédition particulière »: 5,500 men and 5 frigates) for the American Insurgents of George Washington.
FRANCE INVOLVEMENT DURING THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION
Louis XVI – King of France and Navarre
1768-1777 – France secretly helps the American Insurgents
1768: Baron de Kalb a Bavarian-born French military, traveled to America on a covert mission (to determine the level of discontent among colonists) on behalf of France.
1775-1776-1777: France secretly sent military supplies. During these three years, France had been sent secretly to the American rebels over five million “livres” of aid.
1778-1782 – France 0fficialy and fully aids the American Insurgents
1778 (February) – Franco American Treaty
(Later Spain (in 1779) and Dutch (in 1780) became allies of France)
*1778-1779 – 1st “French Expedition” under Comte d’Estaing
*1780-1781-1782- 2nd “French Expedition” under Comte de Rochambeau
*1781- The French Navy under Comte de Grasse joins the Franco-American ground Forces in Yorktown, VA
TOPIC VI (T6) – LAFAYETTE VISIT (August 4 to December 22, 1784)
Road markers, places, objects…
The United States 1783-1803
In 1784, Lafayette visited America, where he enjoyed an enthusiastic welcome; he visited all the 13 states except Georgia.
*Lafayette received an honorary degree from Harvard University, Cambridge, MA.
-Lafayette received a portrait of Washington from the city of Boston, MA.
*Massachusetts granted him citizenship.
Marblehead, MA
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marblehead,_Massachusetts
(Lafayette came 3 times at Marblehead in 1780, 1784, 1824 – See also Topic 5 and 7)
General Lafayette portrait. Marblehead Museum archives
In 1784, Lafayette visited Marblehead. He came particularly to honor General John Glover, who fought with him in the American Revolution and also to see his friend Elbridge Gerry an American statesman and diplomat.
Colonel Jeremiah Lee and Mrs. mansion where Lafayette was received in 1784
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeremiah_Lee_Mansion
The Jeremiah Lee Mansion is a historic house located at 170 Washington Street in Marblehead, Massachusetts. Today, it is operated as a house museum by the local historical society,
TOPIC VII (T7) – LAFAYETTE’S FAREWELL TOUR (1824-1825)
Road markers, places, objects…
The United States in 1825
The 24 states visited : Alabama, Connecticut, Delaware, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine (ex-Massachusetts / North part), Maryland, Massachusetts, Mississippi, Missouri, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Vermont, Virginia. Plus Washington D.C.
Detailed Timeline
Lafayette visited New England: Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, and Connecticut twice, spending a month all told in the region.
**The First New England Visit (From August 20 to September 04, 1824)
From August 21 to August 24. Heading north from Staten Island, NY. He stopped briefly in New Haven, Conn., Providence, R.I.,
Stoughton, MA
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoughton,_Massachusetts
Boston, MA
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boston
On August 24, 1824 the Governor Eustis and his wife hosted the Marquis de Lafayette in there Roxbury Mansion and held a major fete in his honor. Eustis visitors routinely included John Quincy Adams, Henry Clay, Daniel Webster, Aaron Burr and John C. Calhoun.
Shirley-Eustis House Today located 33 Shirley Street, Boston, MA
Cambridge, MA
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cambridge,_Massachusetts
On August 25 he arrived in Cambridge, Mass.
On August 26 he stopped in five Massachusetts cities and towns: Lexington, Concord, Salem, Marblehead, Newburyport
Lexington, MA
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lexington,_Massachusetts
Concord, MA
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concord,_Massachusetts
Salem, MA
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salem,_Massachusetts
On August 31st, 1824 Lafayette was the guest of honor at a banquet held in the Hamilton Hall building
Hamilton Hall plaque which reads: In Memory of Major General Marquis de Lafayette, Soldier, Statesman, Citizen of France and of the United States.
Marblehead, MA
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marblehead,_Massachusetts
When Lafayette and his son, George Washington Lafayette came to Marblehead in 1824, though his friends Glover and Gerry were no longer living Lafayette’s affection for the town remained constant. As did the town’s feelings for him. They both visited Mary Glover Hooper, the daughter of John Glover.
As a part of his welcome, a large and beautiful coach pulled by six white horses awaited him, and he was driven around the streets of Marblehead. Dinner was served at the Lee Mansion, owned at this time by the Bank of Marblehead.
The Jeremiah Lee Mansion is a historic house located at 170 Washington Street in Marblehead, Massachusetts. Today, it is operated as a house museum by the local historical society.
The myth of the “ Lafayette House”
The said “Lafayette House” is located on Hooper Street, Marblehead, MA at a spot where five streets intersect. The house is notable as being the home of Jeremiah Lee and his family from 1751 to 1768. before he built his later mansion in Marblehead where Lafayette was received in 1784 and 1824
The house acquired this name due to an often-told story that when General Lafayette visited Marblehead in 1824, his carriage, a coach pulled by six white horses was too large to pass by the house and so the corner of the building on the first floor was removed.
BUT…The story is considered unlikely by modern historians and there are other possible explanations for why the house is missing a corner. To allow large coal wagons to pass by, or that it was constructed that way for a retail shop entrance, or to allow the flow of draining water and sewage.
Newburyport, MA
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newburyport,_Massachusetts
and settled into the Boston area until August 31. (During that time he visited former President John Adams at latter’s estate « Peacefield » in Quincy, MA)
Quincy, MA
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quincy,_Massachusetts
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peacefield
(220px-Watercolor of the Old House of the Adams family, 1798)
…/…
On September 1, he visited Portsmouth, N.H., then headed south again to Boston and Lexington.
On Sept. 3. Worcester, Mass., and Tolland, Conn., were on his agenda
On Sept. 4, Hartford and Middletown, Conn. were on his agenda
…/…
He then visited familiar places: Philadelphia, Delaware, Virginia. He spent some time in the new capital, Washington, D.C. then south to Maryland, the Carolinas, and Georgia. He turned west to see the new states of Alabama, Mississippi, and Louisiana, then up the Mississippi River in a steamboat to Missouri, Tennessee, Kentucky, Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio. Then he traveled back through Pennsylvania to New York, where he saw Niagara Falls and went to Albany by way of the Erie Canal. From Albany, he traveled straight to Boston.
…/…
** The Second New England Visit (From June 13 to June 29, 1825)
On June 1825, Lafayette is back in New England.
June 13, 1825
Worthington, MA
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Worthington,_Massachusetts
A monument commemorating General LaFayette’s visit to Worthington, MA in 1825 is located in front of the Worthington Library.
« General Lafayette friend of America in its struggle for liberty visited Worthington June 13, 1825, was a guest overnight at the tavern then located at this site » (Erected by George Washington chapter sons of the American Revolution and by the town of Worthington -1925)
June 17, 1825, Lafayette began his second New England tour by laying the cornerstone of the Bunker Hill Monument
Charlestown, Boston, MA
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charlestown,_Boston
Bunker Hill Monument
June 17, 1825, Lafayette begins his second New England Tour. He lays the cornerstone of the Bunker Hill Monument during the celebration of the 50th anniversary of the Battle of Bunker Hill, in Charlestown, Boston, MA. He is accompanied by Daniel Webster, who gives a rousing speech.
Bunker Hill Monument today
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bunker_Hill_Monument
../..
On June 23, He spent the night in Dover, N.H. That night, a delegation of citizens from South Berwick, Maine, invited him to breakfast. He accepted. Then he visited Biddeford and Portland.
On June 27, he arrived late at night in Claremont, N.H.
On June 28, Early in the day, he crossed over the Cornish Bridge to Vermont, passing through Woodstock late in the morning, then took a stagecoach over the mountains to Barnard and Royalton, Randolph and Barre. He spends the night in Montpelier at The Pavilion.
On Wednesday, June 29, 1825, he left Montpelier for Burlington, his last stop in New England.
On June 29, 1825, he traveled overnight south on Lake Champlain past Mount Independence on the steamboat Phoenix II and arrived Whitehall, New York June 30, 1825
Marquis de La Fayette – Memory Spaces 